โThis site contains affiliate links for which OEMDTC may be compensatedโ |
August 23, 2023 NHTSA CAMPAIGN NUMBER: 23V593000
A damaged engine can result in engine failure and a stall, increasing the risk of a crash. In addition, engine failure may cause an oil leak which can increase the risk of a fire.
NHTSA Campaign Number: 23V593
Manufacturer Volkswagen Group of America, Inc.
Components ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING
Potential Number of Units Affected 2,018
Summary
Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. (Volkswagen
) is recalling certain 2024 Atlas PA2 and Atlas Cross Sport PA vehicles. The engine connecting rod bearings may become damaged, which can result in engine failure.
Remedy
Dealers will inspect and, if necessary, replace the engine, free of charge. Owner notification letters are expected to be mailed October 20, 2023. Owners may contact Volkswagen’s customer service at 1-800-893-5298. Volkswagen
’s number for this recall is 13i6.
Notes
Owners may also contact the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Vehicle Safety Hotline at 1-888-327-4236 (TTY 1-800-424-9153), or go to www.nhtsa.gov.
Check if your Volkswagen has a Recall
Affected Vehicles
Country | Beginning Model Year | Ending Model Year | Vehicle | Vehicle Count |
USA | 2024 | 2024 | ATLAS | 1,323 |
USA | 2024 | 2024 | ATLAS CROSS SPORT | 695 |
CAN | 2024 | 2024 | ATLAS | 40 |
CAN | 2024 | 2024 | ATLAS CROSS SPORT | 34 |
Problem Description
Contamination during the bearing production process may have caused an increased particle occurrence in the engine oil circuit, which may lead to extensive wear and play and result in damage to the connecting rod bearings. A connecting rod bearing with continuously rising bearing play leads to excessive engine noise. If the excessive engine noise and engine warning light are ignored and the vehicle continues to be driven, this condition may result in engine failure, potentially causing a loss of motive power while driving, and in rare cases, a loss of engine oil, which may pose a risk of a vehicle fire.
Corrective Action
Inspect and, if necessary, replace the engine.
Precautions
If this condition is present in the vehicle, the driver may notice excessive engine noise and the Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL) may illuminate in the instrument panel. If this happens, customers are advised to contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer without delay to have the vehicle diagnosed/repaired.
Code Visibility
On August 25, 2023, the campaign code was applied to affected vehicles.
Owner Notification
Owner notification will take place in September 2023. Owner letter examples are included in this bulletin for your reference.
Repair Overview
Perform test procedure to check for a damaged connecting rod bearing.
Chronology :
Week of July 03, 2023: While investigating engine noise allegations at the Chattanooga plant, Volkswagen analyzed two engines to identify potential root cause. Silao engine factory also performed analysis of additional engines.
Week of July 10, 2023 โ July 17, 2023: Additional engine inspections implemented at the Chattanooga assembly plant. Engine analysis continued at the supplier.
Week of July 17, 2023: Volkswagen receives claims from the field about engine knocking noise.
July 28, 2023: Volkswagen learned about a fire case in a Volkswagen
Atlas in the possession of a dealer that may have originated in the engine compartment. Upon conducting a visual inspection of the vehicle, severe engine damage was found, however, Volkswagen
was unable to determine the root cause at that time.
August 01, 2023: Topic was escalated to the Volkswagen Product Safety Committee.
August 1, 2021 โ August 15, 2023: Continued analysis into root cause and potentially affected population.
August 16, 2023: Topic presented to Volkswagen Product Safety Committee, which decided to conduct a safety recall.
VWGoA is aware of twelve (12) claims relating to this issue as of August 04, 2023.
2 Affected Products
Vehicles
MAKE | MODEL | YEAR |
VOLKSWAGEN![]() | ATLAS | 2024 |
VOLKSWAGEN![]() | ATLAS CROSS SPORT | 2024 |
4 Associated Documents
Recall Acknowledgement
Defect Notice 573 Report
RCLRPT-23V593-1156.PDF 216.06KB
Volkswagen – 13i6 Dealer Launch Notice – August 2023
RCMN-23V593-0570.pdf 263.953KB
Remedy Instructions and TSB
RCRIT-23V593-4333.pdf 1363.41KB
Latest Recalls Documents
- [Pro OBD2 Scanner] - BlueDriver is the easiest way to scan and understand your vehicle like a professional mechanic. Read and clear your carโs trouble codes and check engine light.
- [Read & Clear All The Codes] - BlueDriver's enhanced vehicle diagnostics gives you access to information normally available only to mechanics on their OBD2 scan tools. Now you can read and clear ABS, Airbag, SRS, TPMS codes, and many more.
- [Get The Right Fix & View Live Data] - Much more than a car code reader, BlueDriver is a diagnostic tool. Youโll get unlimited repair reports with possible causes and fixes, plus real-time health monitoring while you drive with the live data feature.
- [Wireless & Bluetooth Enabled] - Say goodbye to wires. BlueDriver connects with Bluetooth via your phone/tablet to a sensor that plugs into your car's OBDII port. Get all of the capabilities of an expensive code reader & scan tool without any annoying wires.
- [User-Friendly App and Repair Videos] - BlueDriver gives you more ways to scan and fix your vehicle. Our iOS & Android app connects you to a large database of repair videos with step-by-step directions of repairs.
- [Easy to Use--Work out of box] + [FOXWELL 2025 New Version] FOXWELL NT604 Elite scan tool is the 2025 new version from FOXWELL, which is designed for those car owners who want to figure out the cause issue before fixing the car problem via scanning the most common systems like abs srs engine and transmission.The NT604 Elite diagnostic tool comes with latest software, which can be used out of box. No need to waste time to download the software first.
- [Affordable] + [Reliable Car Health Monitor] Will you be confused what happen when the warning light of abs/srs/transmission/check engine flashes? Instead of taking your cars to dealership, this foxwell scanner will help you do a thorough scanning and detection for your cars and pinpoint the root cause. It will t-urn off the warning light car after the problem is fixed.๐TIPS: Airbag crash/collision data can NOT be cleared even you replace the new airbag.
- [5 in 1 Diagnostic Scanner] Compared with those auto scanners (50-100), NT604 Elite code scanner not only includes their OBDII diagnosis but also it can be an abs/srs scanner, transmission and check engine code reader. When itโs an odb2 scanner, you can use it to check if your car is ready for annual test through I/M readiness menu. In addition, live data stream, built-in DTC library, data play back and print, all these features are a big plus for it. Note: doesn't support maintenance function.
- [Fantastic AUTOVIN] + [No extra software fee] Through the AUTOVIN menu, this NT604 Elite car scanner allows you to get your V-IN and vehicle info rapidly, no need to take time to find your V-IN and input one by one. What's more, the NT604 Elite abs srs scanner supports 60+ car makes from worldwide (America/Asia/Europe). You donโt need to pay extra software fee.
- [Solid protective case KO plastic carrying bag] + [Lifetime update] Almost all same price-level obd scanner diagnostic tool only offers plastic bag to hold on the scanner.However, NT604 Elite automotive scanner is equipped with solid protective case, preventing your obd2 scanner from damage. Then you donโt need to pay extra money to buy a solid toolbox.
- [Transform Your Car Care Experience] - With BLCKTEC, instantly become your own professional mechanic. Effortlessly read and clear your carโs trouble codes and check engine light, ensuring your vehicle stays in top condition.
- [Empower Yourself with Comprehensive Diagnostics] - Unlock the full potential of your vehicle with the BLCKTEC 430. Access detailed diagnostics previously exclusive to professional mechanicsโ OBD2 scan tools, including ABS, Airbag, SRS, TPMS codes, and beyond, right at your fingertips.
- [Drive with Confidence] - The BLCKTEC 430 is more than just a car code reader; it's your personal vehicle health advisor. Receive tailored repair reports with potential causes and verified solutions for your specific make and model, guiding you to the right fix every time.
- [Seamless Connectivity, Ultimate Convenience] - Experience the freedom of wireless diagnostics with this portable car scanner. Easily connect via Bluetooth to our intuitive sensor and enjoy all the functionalities of high-end scan tools without the clutter of wires, directly from your smartphone or tablet. To connect the tool to the App, please DO NOT go to device's Bluetooth settings, instead, open RepairSolutions2 App and follow the instructions on the App to pair the BLCKTEC 430.
- [DIY Repairs Made Easy] - Navigate car maintenance with ease using our premium app. Access a vast library of easy-to-follow repair videos, guiding you through each step of the repair process, compatible with both iOS & Android devices.
- ใProfessional 4 Systems DiagnosticsใFor DIYers addressing typical concerns like engine, transmission, ABS, and SRS, the TOPDON AD500 vehicle scanner provides specialized diagnostic solutions. It effortlessly interprets and eliminates fault codes and scrutinizes data streams, ensuring the prompt detection of issues.
- ใ6 Reset FunctionsใThe AD500 car diagnostic tool offers essential features like Oil Reset, Throttle Adaptation, SAS/TPMS/BMS/EPB Reset. Easily reset oil change indicators, fine-tune throttle response, and recalibrate steering angle sensors for optimal vehicle performance and maintenance convenience.
- ใWorks Easier with AD500ใThe AD500 scanner combines a 5โ touchscreen with buttons for easier and seamless operation. Elevate your diagnostic experience with DTC Lookup, Diagnostic data record, and printing diagnostic reports via email. Stay up to date with lifetime free upgrades via Wi-Fi, ensuring your tool is always equipped with the latest features.
- ใFast Diagnostics, Instant SupportใWith AutoVIN, instantly obtain crucial vehicle details for expedited diagnostic processes. The AD500 code reader not only facilitates data stream recording for later review but also acts as a battery voltage monitor, providing valuable insights into your vehicle's battery health. If you encounter any diagnostic hurdles, share feedback with TOPDON for prompt professional support.
- ใUnlock FCA Secure GatewayใSupports cutting-edge CAN FD protocol, making it compatible with modern vehicles including 2020+ GM & Chrysler. It bypasses the FCA Secure Gateway to stay up to date with newer models from Chrysler, Jeep, Fiat, and others.
- Pro-level ABS SRS OBD2 Scanner - Based on the NT301 FOXWELL Scanner, this car scanner takes OBD-II diagnostics to the next level by in-depth insights on reading ABS SRS Diagnostic Trouble Codes, display the Live Data: Wheel Speed Sensor, Airbag Issues, Wiring Faults, clear the ABS error codes after the car faults repaired, etc... NOTE: This code reader can only read SRS codes but CANNOT reset any Airbag crash codes. Please check the functions coverage BEFORE purchasing. NO Need to Register &Subscription.
- Full-Feature ABS Diagnostics - Real-time tracking of wheel speed sensor, brake force distribution, and brake pressure with dynamic graphs for easy analysis. Effortlessly read ABS trouble codes and access freeze frame data to identify and resolve system issues. This ABS scanner diagnostic tool also monitors ABS performance during emergency braking or on slippery surfaces, providing alerts for potential problems.
- Basic OBDII Scanner Functions - This obd2 scanner diagnostic tool also can Check Engine Fault Light, diagnose OBD-II modules instantly, display the Live Data with graph (engine RPM, coolant temperature, fuel trim, and sensor readings), locate bad sensors and indicate I/M readiness status before the annual inspection. Reducing the potential driving risk and keep a peak performance on the road.
- Top ABS Bleed Scan Tool - After replacing the ABS pump or adding brake fluid, air can enter the ABS module, causing the pedal to feel weak or slow to return. This OBD2 scanner with ABS auto bleed will restore your brake pedalโs firmness by efficiently removing air from the ABS module. For vehicle coverage, check the FOXWELL Diagnostic Coverage List under Support on the official site. NOTE: This feature is NOT compatible with vehicles that support manual bleed.
- User-Friendly & Budget-Friendly - Enjoy software updates without subscription for newer vehicle models(Any more issues about update, please let us know๏ผ. This car code reader comes with a sturdy case for easy carrying. The code reader for cars will also save diagnostic data to avoid unnecessary diagnostic costs when you must to find the professional mechanic to fix the car faults instead of addressing them by yourself.
- [ABS Diagnosis] - Quickly identify and resolve ABS-related issues, including sensor faults (such as wheel speed sensors), wiring problems (faulty circuits or connectors within the ABS system), or ABS pump failures (malfunctions in the ECU controlling the ABS). Ensure proper system operation, restore optimal braking performance, and clear any warning lights.
- [SRS Diagnosis] - Quickly detect the airbag ECU itself, airbag sensor failure, airbag system plug disconnection or poor contact, seat belt sensor failure, or system error, etc, to ensure that the SRS (Supplemental Restraint system) is working properly. After repair, reset the system to clear the warning light and restore full safety performance. NOTE: It cannot reset Airbag crash or transmission codes.
- [Full OBD2 Function] - Read and clear trouble codes for all OBD2 systems, including show real-time data, freeze frame data, I/M Readiness, DTC lookup, test results for o-xygen sensor, On-board monitor test, request vehicle information, component test, modules present and e-vap test. Allowing you to quickly identify and troubleshoot vehicle issues.
- [AutoVIN Technology] - It simplifies diagnostics by automatically identifying the vehicleโs model and configuration, eliminating the need for manual input, and ensures accurate diagnostics by applying the correct data and algorithms, reducing errors caused by manual entry. Improves efficiency and streamlines the diagnostic process.
- [ABS Auto Bleeding] - Helps bleed your vehicle's Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), removing air from the brake lines to ensure optimal brake performance. It helps prevent brake issues such as spongy pedals, inconsistent braking, and reduced stopping power, and enhances vehicle safety by ensuring the ABS system is working properly, especially during critical driving situations. NOTE: Itโs not compatible with vehicles that only support manual bleeding.
- [Brand-New ArtiDiag500] We've got everything you're looking for! Forget basic OBD2 scanners; TOPDON's ArtiDiag500 car scanner offers more. The all-new ArtiDiag500 not only includes full OBD2 functions and 4-system diagnostics but also provides DIYers with 6 maintenance services. The brand-new, cost effective AD500 is back in full swing!
- [4-System Diagnostics] DIY enthusiasts, take notice! Will these 4-system diagnostics be the treasure you've been seeking? The ArtiDiag500 code reader offers in-depth testing for the engine, transmission, ABS, and SRS systems, reading fault codes and data streams. It also visualizes real-time data in chart form, simplifying complex data for storage and future playback, aiding DIY users in problem detection.
- [6 Reset Functions] Hey, hang tight for a moment. With these 6 reset functions, the ArtiDiag500 has got you covered. It offers throttle adaptation along with reset capabilities for Oil, SAS, TPMS, BMS, and EPB. Seamlessly aligning the throttle, battery, tires, and brake pads with your vehicle, it also adjusts the steering angle and turns off the oil light. Looking to restore your car to its original condition? Look no further than the ArtiDiag500.
- [Multiple Functions] The Smart AutoVIN of this TOPDON OBD2 scanner keeps track of your manual selections for vehicle make, model, and year and directs you to the suitable diagnostics. Max 4 Live Data streams integrated for much easier data processing. Diagnostic feedback online with this diagnostic tool to help you get tough repair operations well-completed. Real-time car battery voltage monitoring identifies probable vehicle defects.
- [Global Support] Rest assured about compatibility with your vehicle and language โ ArtiDiag500 currently supports 67+ car brands, 10,000+ models, covering most vehicles worldwide, and is available in 12 languages. Whether it's for your car or preferred language, there's an ideal choice for you. Plus, it's fully compatible with Android 11 for smoother use.
- MAINTAIN PEAK PERFORMANCE AND SAFETY ON THE ROAD - Easily find and fix the problem with your vehicle using the INNOVA 5610 bidirectional scan tool. This OBD2 scanner diagnostic tool provides real-time solutions to troubleshoot issues. Access OBD2 and OEM live data with ease, making it an essential car scanner diagnostic tool. Perfect for those seeking reliable car diagnostic scanner and code readers & scan tools for all vehicles.
- PRO-LEVEL FUNCTIONALITIES - Use the INNOVA 5610โs Enhanced Data Stream to view live data for advanced systems like ABS, SRS, transmission, and engine. The Special Reset Function lets you use dealership-level re-learn procedures. This car diagnostic scanner is ideal for those needing a bidirectional scan tool or mechanic tools automotive for professional repairs. Compatible with select vehicle makes and models; not universal.
- COMMAND WITH BIDIRECTIONAL CONTROLS - The INNOVA 5610 bidirectional scan tool sends commands to test functions such as fuel pump on/off or retracting the electronic parking brake. With this car scanner diagnostic for all cars, you can operate like a pro. Ideal for those seeking a car code reader and reset tool or advanced fixd car diagnostic tool capabilities. Compatible with select vehicle makes and models; not universal.
- EASY TO USE - The INNOVA 5610 OBD2 scanner diagnostic tool supports English, Spanish, and French. Easily use this scanner for car on most 1996 - 2023 (2024 coming soon) OBD2 vehicles to verify repairs. Designed for ease of operation, itโs a dependable code reader for cars and trucks and check engine code reader. To confirm vehicle coverage, please utilize Innova's Coverage Checker.
- BUY AND DRIVE WITH CONFIDENCE - Backed by ASE-Certified support, this car scanner pairs with the RepairSolutions2 app, trusted by 3.4M users, for wireless OBD scanner functionality. With free updates and no subscription fees, this durable car computer diagnostic reader ensures youโre prepared for any repair. A must-have diagnostic scanner for all vehicles.
- ใUPGRADE OF NT604-POWERFUL 5 RESETSใWanna to do maintenance service for your car however the basic 4 system scanner tool can't do it? Then FOXWELL NT614 Elite-the upgraded version of nt604, was born for providing you with 5 special functions-ABS Bleeding/Oil Reset/SAS Calibration/EPB Reset/Throttle Reset. These functions are enough for your daily needs. No need to buy those 300-600 dollors obd2 scanner. Saving your unnecessary repair fee with FOXWELL nt614 car scanner diagnostic tool!
- ใENGINE/ABS/SRS/TRANSMISSION CODE READERใDon't know what's wrong with your car when the warning light of ABS, transmission, SRS, Engine flashes? NT614 Elite obd2 scanner can pinpoint the problem components. It boasts many functions of engine, abs, srs and transmission such as read & erase fault codes and grapgh live data like engine temp, wheel speed sensor, read transmission temperature, etc. Compared with car repairs, using foxwell nt614 elite is more convenient and a-ffordable.
- ใBest Bang For Your Buck!-FOXWELL NT614 Eliteใ1. 2025 New software-faster than old one. 2. One click lifetime WIFI f-ree update, no need to use the annoying Micro SD card. 3. New Update-No need to register on the FOXWELL website before use, more convenient! 4. More intuitive viewing with new interface, you can find I/M, Battery Test, DTC Lookup directly.
- ใABS BLEEDING OBD SCANNERใDo you always feel the brake pedal was slowly sinking to floor or it's loose after doing a complete front & rear brake job? And then you need to take more time than normal to stop your car, which is very dangerous. That's because when you open the brake system to replace components, air gets inside. To get a firm brake pedal, the air need to be removed by bleeding the brakes. NT614 Elite odb2 scanner can do ABS BLEEDING perfectly for your cars.
- ใSMART AUTOVIN & LIFETIME F-REE WIFI UPDATE & PERFECT GIFT CHOICEใWith the fantastic AUTOVIN function, this nt614 scan tool can get your VIN and vehicle info rapidly. No need to spend much time in finding your VIN and input it one by one. Also, the lifetime f-ree wifi update is provided for more vehicle coverage, bug fixes, newly added parameters. SAVE AT LEAST 1000+ PER YEAR. And this automotive scanner is a best gift for your Dad, Husband, Boyfriend and Handy Men.
- ใDesigned for Volkswagen
(VAG) Cars DiagnosticsใThe VD500 OBD2 scanner is specifically designed to diagnose Volkswagen
Group (Fits for VW
/Audi
/Skoda/ SEAT) 12-volt 16-pin vehicles, but can also be used with other 12-volt (non-Volkswagen
) and light trucks (non-electric) vehicles manufactured in 1996 or later that are OBD II -compliant with standard 16-pin OBD II protocols (J1850 VPM, J1850PWM, ISO9141, KWP 2000 and CAN)
- ใBasic + Special Advanced Functions for VAG VehicleใThe ANCEL VD500 scan tool for vw
can not only read and clear codes on engine, ABS, transmission, SAS (not all cars), ESP, TPMS and other systems, but also reset the oil, brake pad(epb service) and throttle position adaption. If you don't know how to do it, please con-tact us in time. Include your car model, year and the function you want to do
- ใPlug and Play, No Complex ConnectionใThe ANCEL VD500 is truly plug-and-playโno complicated networking or batteries required. Simply connect it and use it anywhere in your car, anytime. Fast, easy, and convenient
- ใFull Access, No Hidden CostsใUnlike other detectors that charge extra for features, the ANCEL VD500 is 100% no extra additional charges, with no hidden costs. The full functionality is accessible, and the system upgrade is included, a favorite choice among customers
- ใWide Compatibility for Volkswagen
CarsใThe VD500 diagnostic scanner for audi
offering for Volkswagen
vehicles covers the following vehicles: fits for VW
(CC, EOS, Golf, GTI, Jetta, Passat, Phaeton, Polo, Rabbit, Sharan, Tiguan, Touran, Touareg); fits for Audi
(A3, A4, A6, A7, A8, A5, Q3, Q5, Q7, R8, RS3, TT, RS, RS5, S4, S6); fits for Skoda (Octavia, Rapid, Yeti, Kodiaq, Fabio, Superb); fits for SEAT (Leon, Ateca, Ibiza, Altea, Cushion, Cord, Alhambra) Diagnostics
SEOCONTENT-START
OMB Control No.: 2127-0004 Part 573 Safety Recall Report 23V-593 The information contained in this report was submitted pursuant to 49 CFR ยง573 Manufacturer Name : Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. Submission Date : AUG 23, 2023 NHTSA Recall No. : 23V-593 Manufacturer Recall No. : 13i6 Manufacturer Information : Manufacturer Name : Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. Address : 3800 Hamlin Road Auburn Hills MI 48326 Company phone : 1-800-893-5298 Population : Number of potentially involved : 2,018 Estimated percentage with defect : 2 % Vehicle Information : Vehicle 1 : 2024-2024 VOLKSWAGEN ATLAS PA2 Vehicle Type : Body Style : Power Train : NR Descriptive Information : The recall population was determined by engine and vehicle manufacturing records. The recalled vehicles differ from vehicles that were not included in the recall because the issue with the bearing shell material was confined to a specific engine/vehicle production period. ATLAS PA2: 1,323 Production Dates : JUN 16, 2023 – JUL 24, 2023 VIN Range 1 : Begin : 1V2FR2CA6RC500285 End : 1V2WR2CA7RC506113 โ Not sequential Vehicle 2 : 2024-2024 VOLKSWAGEN ATLAS CROSS SPORT PA Vehicle Type : Body Style : Power Train : NR Descriptive Information : ATLAS CROSS SPORT PA: 695 Production Dates : JUN 16, 2023 – JUL 25, 2023 VIN Range 1 : Begin : 1V2FE2CAXRC200115 End : 1V2AE2CA2RC203262 โ Not sequential Part 573 Safety Recall Report 23V-593 Page 2 The information contained in this report was submitted pursuant to 49 CFR ยง573 Description of Defect : Description of the Defect : Contamination during the bearing production process may have caused an increased particle occurrence in the engine oil circuit, which may lead to extensive wear and play and result in damage to the connecting rod bearings. FMVSS 1 : NR FMVSS 2 : NR Description of the Safety Risk : A connecting rod bearing with continuously rising bearing play leads to excessive engine noise. If the excessive engine noise and engine warning light are ignored and the vehicle continues to be driven, this condition may result in engine failure, potentially causing a loss of motive power while driving, and in rare cases, a loss of engine oil which may pose a risk of a vehicle fire. Description of the Cause : Contamination during the bearing production process may have caused an increased particle occurrence in the engine oil circuit, which may lead to extensive wear and play and result in damage to the connecting rod bearings. Identification of Any Warning that can Occur : If this condition is present in the vehicle, the driver may notice excessive engine noise and the Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL) may illuminate in the instrument panel. Involved Components : Component Name 1 : Engine Component Description : Base Engine Component Part Number : 06K.105.561.AH / 06K.105.591.AH /06L.105.701.H / 06L.105.701.J Supplier Identification : Component Manufacturer Name : Volkswagen de Mexico Address : Ave. Mineral de Valenciana Puerto Interior 611 Silao Foreign States 36275 Country : Mexico Chronology : Week of July 03, 2023: While investigating engine noise allegations at the Chattanooga plant, Volkswagen analyzed two engines to identify potential root cause. Silao engine factory also performed analysis of additional engines. Part 573 Safety Recall Report 23V-593 Page 3 The information contained in this report was submitted pursuant to 49 CFR ยง573 Week of July 10, 2023 โ July 17, 2023: Additional engine inspections implemented at the Chattanooga assembly plant. Engine analysis continued at the supplier. Week of July 17, 2023: Volkswagen receives claims from the field about engine knocking noise. July 28, 2023: Volkswagen learned about a fire case in a Volkswagen Atlas in the possession of a dealer that may have originated in the engine compartment. Upon conducting a visual inspection of the vehicle, severe engine damage was found, however, Volkswagen was unable to determine the root cause at that time. August 01, 2023: Topic was escalated to the Volkswagen Product Safety Committee. August 1, 2021 โ August 15, 2023: Continued analysis into root cause and potentially affected population. August 16, 2023: Topic presented to Volkswagen Product Safety Committee, which decided to conduct a safety recall. VWGoA is aware of twelve (12) claims relating to this issue as of August 04, 2023. Description of Remedy : Description of Remedy Program : A test procedure is in development that will identify engines affected by this defect. If an affected engine is identified, the engine will be replaced. Volkswagen will not offer a reimbursement plan under this recall as all affected vehicles are still under warranty. How Remedy Component Differs from Recalled Component : The remedy components were produced after the final counter measure fixing the manufacturing deviations in the bearing shell production. Identify How/When Recall Condition was Corrected in Production : All vehicles produced after May 12, 2023 have been produced with engines according to manufacturing specification. Recall Schedule : Description of Recall Schedule : Dealers on or before August 25, 2023/Owners: On or before October 20, 2023 Planned Dealer Notification Date : AUG 25, 2023 – AUG 25, 2023 Planned Owner Notification Date : OCT 20, 2023 – OCT 20, 2023 * NR – Not Reported
**************************************************************************************************************
The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 1 of 13 Safety Recall Code: 13i6 Subject Engine Connecting Rod Document History Date Summary 08/25/2023 Original publication Affected Vehicles Country Beginning Model Year Ending Model Year Vehicle Vehicle Count USA 2024 2024 ATLAS 1,323 USA 2024 2024 ATLAS CROSS SPORT 695 CAN 2024 2024 ATLAS 40 CAN 2024 2024 ATLAS CROSS SPORT 34 Check Campaigns/Actions screen in ELSA on the day of repair to verify that a VIN qualifies for repair under this action. ELSA is the only valid campaign inquiry & verification source. ๏ผ Campaign status must show โopen.โ ๏ผ If ELSA shows other open action(s), inform your customer so that the work can also be completed at the same time the vehicle is in the workshop for this campaign. Problem Description Contamination during the bearing production process may have caused an increased particle occurrence in the engine oil circuit, which may lead to extensive wear and play and result in damage to the connecting rod bearings. A connecting rod bearing with continuously rising bearing play leads to excessive engine noise. If the excessive engine noise and engine warning light are ignored and the vehicle continues to be driven, this condition may result in engine failure, potentially causing a loss of motive power while driving, and in rare cases, a loss of engine oil, which may pose a risk of a vehicle fire. Corrective Action Inspect and, if necessary, replace the engine. Precautions If this condition is present in the vehicle, the driver may notice excessive engine noise and the Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL) may illuminate in the instrument panel. If this happens, customers are advised to contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer without delay to have the vehicle diagnosed/repaired. Code Visibility On August 25, 2023, the campaign code was applied to affected vehicles. Owner Notification Owner notification will take place in September 2023. Owner letter examples are included in this bulletin for your reference. Additional Information Please alert everyone in your dealership about this action, including Sales, Service, Parts and Accounting personnel. Contact Warranty if you have any questions. IMPORTANT REMINDER ON VEHICLES AFFECTED BY SAFETY & COMPLIANCE RECALLS New Vehicles in Dealer Inventory: It is a violation of federal law for a dealer to deliver a new motor vehicle or any new or used item of motor vehicle equipment (including a tire) covered by this notification under a sale or lease until the defect or noncompliance is remedied. By law, dealers must correct, prior to delivery for sale or lease, any vehicle The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 2 of 13 that fails to comply with an applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard or that contains a defect relating to motor vehicle safety. Pre-Owned Vehicles in Dealer Inventory: Dealers should not deliver any pre-owned vehicles in their inventory which are involved in a safety or compliance recall until the defect has been remedied. Dealers must ensure that every affected inventory vehicle has this campaign completed before delivery to consumers. Fill out and affix Campaign Completion Label (CAMP 010 000) after work is complete. Labels can be ordered at no cost via the Compliance Label Ordering portal at www.vwhub.com. The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 3 of 13 Parts Information Criteria Quantity Part Number P.O.C. Part Description Ordering Method (see description below) 01 2 06L-115-562-B FILTERELEM Free Order Parts Control Type: Free Order Parts will be managed by Free Order Initial Allocation: NO Please reference the Repair Projection Tool (below) to view your potential VIN population. Repair Projection Tool: (right click to open) NOTE Campaign parts should always be ordered as per the parts information in this circular. The ordering system will supersede the part, if applicable. Engines are not currently available. If an engine requires replacement, use only the part ordering information listed in this circular, once the information is available. The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 4 of 13 Claim Entry Instructions The labor times listed here may differ from the labor operations and labor times listed in ELSA. After campaign has been completed, enter claim as soon as possible to help prevent work from being duplicated elsewhere. Attach the ELSA screen print showing action open on the day of repair to the repair order. If customer refused campaign work: ๏ผ U.S. dealers: Submit request via WISE under the Campaigns/Update/Recall Closure option. ๏ผ Canada dealers: Upload the repair order [signed by customer] to Volkswagen WIN/Operations/Campaign Closure. Service Number 13i6 Damage Code 0099 Parts Vendor Code WWO Claim Type Sold vehicle: 7 10 Unsold vehicle: 7 90 Causal Indicator Mark labor as causal Vehicle Wash/Loaner Do not claim wash/loaner under this action U.S.A.: Loaner/rental coverage cannot be claimed under this action. However, loaner/rental may be covered under the Alternate Transportation Program. Please refer to the Volkswagen Warranty Policy and Procedures Manual for loaner claims information and reimbursement details. Canada: Loaner/rental coverage cannot be claimed under this action. Please refer to t Volkswagen Service Loaner Program to determine loaner eligibility. Criteria I.D. 01 Perform test procedure to check for faulty connecting rod. Engine passes test. Replace oil filter only. LABOR Labor Op Time Units Description 0183 00 99 75 Perform test procedure, engine does not require replacement PARTS Quantity Part Number Description 2.00 06L115562B FILTERELEM Do NOT enter claim at this time if the engine is NOT OK. When parts are available, these instructions will be updated with repair and claiming details. The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 5 of 13 Customer Letter Example (USA) This notice applies to your vehicle: , NHTSA: 23V593 Subject: Safety Recall 13i6 โ Engine Connecting Rod Dear Volkswagen Owner, This notice is sent to you in accordance with the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act. Volkswagen has decided that a defect, which relates to motor vehicle safety, exists in certain 2024 model year Volkswagen vehicles. Our records show that you are the owner of a vehicle affected by this action. What is the issue? Contamination during the bearing production process may have caused an increased particle occurrence in the engine oil circuit, which may lead to extensive wear and play and result in damage to the connecting rod bearings. A connecting rod bearing with continuously rising bearing play leads to excessive engine noise. If the excessive engine noise and engine warning light are ignored and the vehicle continues to be driven, this condition may result in engine failure, potentially causing a loss of motive power while driving, and in rare cases, a loss of engine oil, which may increase the risk of a vehicle fire. What will we do? To correct this defect, your authorized Volkswagen dealer will inspect and, if necessary, replace the engine. โข The inspection will take about an hour to complete. โข If engine replacement is needed, this work may take several days to complete. Both the inspection and engine replacement (if needed) will be performed for you free of charge. Please keep in mind that your dealer may need additional time for the preparation of the repair, as well as to accommodate their daily workshop schedule. What should you do? Please contact your authorized Volkswagen dealer without delay to schedule this recall work. To set up an appointment online, please visit www.vw.com/find-a-dealer. Precautions you should take If the recall condition is present in the vehicle, the driver may notice excessive engine noise and the Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL) may illuminate in the instrument panel. If this happens, customers are advised to contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer without delay to have the vehicle diagnosed/repaired. Lease vehicles and address changes If you are the lessor and registered owner of the vehicle identified in this action, the law requires you to forward this letter immediately via first-class mail to the lessee within ten (10) days of receipt. If you have changed your address or sold the vehicle, please fill out the enclosed prepaid Owner Reply card and mail it to us so we can update our records. Can we assist you further? If your authorized Volkswagen dealer fails or is unable to complete this work free of charge within a reasonable time, or if you should have any questions about this communication, please reach out to us using your preferred method of communication at www.vw.com/contact or by calling us at 800-893-5298. Checking your vehicle for open Recalls and Service Campaigns To check your vehicleโs eligibility for repair under this or any other recall/service campaign, please visit www.vw.com/owners/recalls and enter your Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) into the Recall/Service Campaign Lookup tool. If you still cannot obtain satisfaction, you may file a complaint with: The Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE., Washington, DC 20590; or call the toll-free Vehicle Safety Hotline at 1-888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800-424-9153); or go to http://www.safercar.gov. We apologize for any inconvenience this matter may cause; however we are taking this action to help ensure your safety and continued satisfaction with your vehicle. Sincerely, Volkswagen Customer Protection The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 6 of 13 Customer Customer Letter Example (Canada) Example (USA) This notice applies to your vehicle: , Transport Canada Recall: 2023-471 Subject: Safety Recall 13i6 โ Engine Connecting Rod Dear Volkswagen Owner, This notice is sent to you in accordance with the requirements of the Motor Vehicle Safety Act. This is to inform you that your vehicle may contain a defect that could affect the safety of a person. Our records show that you are the owner of a vehicle affected by this action. What is the issue? Contamination during the bearing production process may have caused an increased particle occurrence in the engine oil circuit, which may lead to extensive wear and play and result in damage to the connecting rod bearings. A connecting rod bearing with continuously rising bearing play leads to excessive engine noise. If the excessive engine noise and engine warning light are ignored and the vehicle continues to be driven, this condition may result in engine failure, potentially causing a loss of motive power while driving, and in rare cases, a loss of engine oil, which may pose a risk of a vehicle fire. What will we do? To correct this defect, your authorized Volkswagen dealer will inspect and, if necessary, replace the engine. โข The inspection will take about an hour to complete. โข If engine replacement is needed, this work may take several days to complete. Both the inspection and engine replacement (if needed) will be performed for you free of charge. Please keep in mind that your dealer may need additional time for the preparation of the repair, as well as to accommodate their daily workshop schedule. What should you do? Please contact your authorized Volkswagen dealer without delay to schedule this recall work. Precautions you should take If the recall condition is present in the vehicle, the driver may notice excessive engine noise and the Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL) may illuminate in the instrument panel. If this happens, customers are advised to contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer without delay to have the vehicle diagnosed/repaired. Lease vehicles and address changes If you are the lessor and registered owner of the vehicle identified in this letter, you shall forward this letter (and any subsequent notice, if applicable) to the lessee within ten (10) days of receipt. If you have changed your address or sold the vehicle identified in this letter, please fill out the enclosed prepaid Owner Reply Card and mail it to us so we can update our records. Can we assist you further? If your authorized Volkswagen dealer fails or is unable to complete this work free of charge within a reasonable time, please contact Customer Relations, Monday through Friday from 8AM to 8PM EST by phone at 1-800-822-8987 or via our โContact Usโ page at www.vw.ca. We apologize for any inconvenience this matter may cause; however we are taking this action to help ensure your safety and continued satisfaction with your vehicle. Sincerely, Volkswagen Customer Protection The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 7 of 13 Repair Overview โข Perform test procedure to check for a damaged connecting rod bearing. NOTE โข These repair instructions may differ from the labor operations and labor times listed in ELSA. โข Damages resulting from improper repair or failure to follow these work instructions are the dealerโs responsibility and are not eligible for reimbursement under this action. โข This procedure must be read in its entirety prior to performing the repair. โข Due to variations in vehicle equipment and options, the steps/illustrations in this work procedure may not identically match all affected vehicles. โข Diagnosis and repair of pre-existing conditions in the vehicle are not covered under this action. โข When working during extreme temperatures, it is recommended that the vehicle be allowed to acclimate inside the shop to avoid temperature-related component damage/breakage. The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 8 of 13 Repair Instruction Section A – Check for Previous Repair TIP If Campaign Completion label is present, no further work is required. โข Enter the VIN in Elsa and proceed to the โCampaign/Actionโ screen. TIP On the date of repair, print this screen and keep a copy with the repair order. โข Confirm the Campaign/Action is open . If the status is closed, no further work is required. โข Note the Applicable Criteria ID for use in determining the correct work to be done and corresponding parts associated. CRITICAL REPAIR STEP STOP! If multiple software update Campaign/Actions are open, they must be performed in order of the Start date . The oldest should be performed first. โข All Safety Recalls must be completed prior to completing this campaign. โข Proceed to Section B. The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 9 of 13 Section B โ Test Procedure: Oil Filter Replacement + Road Test (connecting rod stress test) + Oil Filter Inspection โข Remove oil filter. โข Install a new oil filter and seal. โข Run engine at idle until it reaches operating temperature of 90ยฐC. โข Turn on air-conditioning and all other engine loads. โข Activate Sport mode. โข Following all traffic laws, perform a road test, quickly accelerating from 1st to 2nd gear, bringing engine RPM up to 4500 RPM each time. โข Perform this road test 10 times and listen for excessive engine knocking. โข Bring vehicle back to the shop. โข Let engine idle for at least 30 seconds. โข Turn engine off. โข Remove oil filter. โข See examples of OK and NOT OK oil filter and housing on the following pages. โข If no excessive metal particles are found: o Engine does not require replacement. o Replace oil filter and seal again. o Torque housing to 25 Nm. o Proceed to Section D. โข If excessive metal particles are found: o The engine requires replacement. o Take clear photos of oil filter and housing. o Proceed to Section C The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 10 of 13 Examples of OK Oil Filters and Oil Filter Housing The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 11 of 13 Examples of NOT OK Oil Filters and Oil Filter Housing The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 12 of 13 Section C โ Engine Replacement โข Take clear photos of the filter and filter housing showing excessive metal particles. โข Create a TAC WEB Ticket and upload the photos to the TAC case. โข Select โ13i6 (Web ticket only)โ as the Concern Type. โข The TAC Consultant will review the photos and provide direction. NOTE The review process may involve consulting with a factory representative. It may take up to 48 hours for the TAC Consultant to provide direction. โข If engine requires replacement: Ground vehicle and leave repair order open. No further work should be performed until the 13i6 is revised with repair and claiming instructions. The repair information in this document is intended for use only by skilled technicians who have the proper tools, equipment and training to correctly and safely maintain your vehicle. These procedures are not intended to be attempted by โdo-it-yourselfers,โ and you should not assume this document applies to your vehicle, or that your vehicle has the condition described. To determine whether this information applies, contact an authorized Volkswagen dealer. ๏ฃฉ2023 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. and Volkswagen Canada. All Rights Reserved. 13i6 Page 13 of 13 Section D โ Campaign Completion Label Install Campaign Completion Label โข Fill out and affix Campaign Completion Label, part number CAMP 010 000, next to the vehicle emission control information label. TIP Ensure Campaign Completion Label does not cover any existing label(s). Proceed to Section E Section E – Parts Return/Disposal Properly store (retain), destroy or dispose of removed parts in accordance with all state/province and local requirements, unless otherwise indicated and/or requested through the Warranty Parts Portal (WPP) for U.S. and the Part Destruction and Core Disposition Report for Canada.
**************************************************************************************************************
VOLKSWAGEN DEALER COMMUNICATION Ensure all dealership personnel are aware of this notice so they are able to address customer questions. Contact Warranty if you require additional assistance. Direct press inquiries to Volkswagen Public Relations. Volkswagen Customer Protection 13i6_DLR_LAUNCH Repair Available โ Safety Recall 13i6 / Engine Connecting Rod This notice is for: ๏ผDealer Principal ๏ผGeneral Manager ๏ผSales Managers ๏ผService Manager ๏ผParts Manager ๏ผService Consultant ๏ผWarranty Administrator ๏ผTechnicians Date: August 25, 2023 Issue: Contamination during the bearing production process may have caused an increased particle occurrence in the engine oil circuit, which may lead to extensive wear and play and result in damage to the connecting rod bearings. A connecting rod bearing with continuously rising bearing play leads to excessive engine noise. If the excessive engine noise and engine warning light are ignored and the vehicle continues to be driven, this condition may result in engine failure, potentially causing a loss of motive power while driving, and in rare cases, a loss of engine oil, which may pose a risk of a vehicle fire. Repair: โขREPAIR AVAILABLE โ August 25, 2023 / Inspect and, if necessary, replace theengine. โขSee ELSA/ServiceNet for complete repair & claiming instructions โขCheck both the daily Campaign Open Inventory report and OMD for affectedvehicles in inventory. Verify OPEN status in ELSA on the day of repair. โขRepair every affected inventory vehicle before delivery to consumers. Parts Department: There will be no parts allocation. Parts will be managed by Free Order. Affected Vehicles Country Beginning Model Year Ending Model Year Vehicle Vehicle Count USA 2024 2024 ATLAS 1,323 USA 2024 2024 ATLAS CROSS SPORT 695 CAN 2024 2024 ATLAS 40 CAN 2024 2024 ATLAS CROSS SPORT 34 *Counts reflect overall population; some vehicles may have already been repaired. Check Campaigns/Actionsscreen in Elsa on the day of repair to verify that a VIN qualifies for repair under this action. Elsa is the only validcampaign inquiry & verification source. Notes: โขSchedule owner repairs immediately โขOwner mailing โ September 2023 U.S.A.: Loaner/rental coverage cannot be claimed under this action. However, loaner/rental may be covered under the Alternate Transportation Program. Please refer to the Volkswagen Warranty Policy and Procedures Manual for loaner claims information and reimbursement details. Canada: Loaner/rental coverage cannot be claimed under this action. Please refer to the Volkswagen Service Loaner Program to determine loaner eligibility. IMPORTANT REMINDER: VEHICLES AFFECTED BY SAFETY & COMPLIANCE RECALLS New Vehicles in Dealer Inventory: It is a violation of federal law for a dealer to deliver a new motor vehicle or any new or used item of motor vehicle equipment (including a tire) covered by this notification under a sale or lease until the defect or noncompliance is remedied. By law, dealers must correct, prior to delivery for sale or lease, any vehicle that fails to comply with an applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard or that contains a defect relating to motor vehicle safety. Pre-Owned Vehicles in Dealer Inventory: Dealers should not deliver any pre-owned vehicles in their inventory which are involved in a safety or compliance recall until the defect has been remedied. -END OF MESSAGE-
**************************************************************************************************************
**************************************************************************************************************
SEOCONTENT-END
Last update on 2025-04-17 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API
This product presentation was made with AAWP plugin.